认罪认罚案件量刑建议问题研究

在认罪认罚案件中，检察机关提出的幅度型或精准型量刑建议都是控辩双方合意的产物，也是审判人员最终作出量刑判决的重要依据，审判人员“一般应当采纳”。但对于检察机关提出精准的量刑建议是否存在理论上的正当性以及实务上的可操作性，理论界和实务界仍存在不同意见，实践中也存在部分审判人员“不愿接受”或“勉强接受”精准量刑建议的情况，影响着认罪认罚从宽制度总体功能的发挥。为解决此问题，有必要从理论上明确检察机关量刑建议权以及法院审判权的性质及关系，使审判人员内心“愿意”采纳精准的量刑建议；在实际操作层面需要加强精准量刑建议本身的合理性和合意性，使审判人员经过审理后，“能够”采纳精准的量刑建议。此外，根据具体情况，还需要明确精准量刑建议的变更和补救问题，促进量刑公正。     

Two-dimensional metric comparisons between dynamic bare footprints and insole foot impressions-forensic implications

Footwear may be found at crime scenes as physical evidence. Such footwear often has impression features of the wearer’s foot on the insole of the shoe. Scientific research and literature have established that footprints are distinct. This study compares two-dimensional measurements on bare footprints to foot impressions on insoles to determine if significant differences or similarities exist. Dynamic footprints were collected from 51 donors using the Identicator® Inkless Shoe Print Model LE 25P system. Seven foot length and width measurements were taken based on the Reel linear measurement method. Footprint measurements between bare footprints and foot impressions on the insoles were compared. Only two differences (p > 0.05) were observed between the various bare footprint and insole foot impression measurements on the right and left side for most of the measurements, CALC (p < 0.001) and A1 (p = 0.04). Bare footprint and insole A5 measurements on the left side were also significantly different (p = 0.015). The results of the study have implications in the forensic analysis of foot impression evidence on insoles in footwear in assisting with identifying the wearer of said footwear. Situations may arise in the forensic context when comparing the foot impression on the insole of footwear to a suspect’s bare footprint or a footprint from post-mortem remains. This study contributes to the scant literature available on the topic and to understanding the similarities and differences observed in the various linear measurements that may be utilized in the comparison process of footprint impressions on shoe insoles to bare footprints.     

‘Get Brexit Done’: The New Political Divides of England and Wales at the 2019 Election

This article analyses the successful Conservative election campaign of 2019 and how it took advantage of a fractured political and economic landscape. It reviews the unique circumstances around the 2019 election and the ‘surprising death’ of a no-deal Brexit. We then analyse the divergent political communication strategies in the 2017 and 2019 Conservative campaigns showing how the latter was much more coherent and politically unorthodox. Drawing on socioeconomic, demographic and British Election Study data, we argue that Boris Johnson’s messaging was carefully tailored towards the demands of voters in the ‘red wall’ seats. Conservative success was built around an appeal to voters in these economically depressed ‘geographies of discontent’. But while tremendously successful, the coalition this created is potentially fragile. An unconventional, ‘leftish’ Conservative campaign built a new, diverse bloc of voters. It includes a number of left-wingers expecting change alongside traditional Conservative supporters, and will be hard to keep together given the economic turbulence ahead.     

民事立法形式之忧

历史地看,"法典"与法表、刑鼎等一样,都属于早期成文法的表现形式,且其得名与使用的材质关系密切。近代以来,尤其是二战之后,为了因应社会经济形势的变迁,民事单行法或特别法游离于法典之外几乎成为一种趋势。此时继续保留相当程度上被掏空了的法典的民事法律母法的名义,其意义究竟何在,不无疑问。编纂民法典,对于中国的立法机制和法律适用传统都是一种挑战,新的法典与之前既存的民事单行法的关系究竟有何不同,如何协调其与过往前数十年间基于民事单行法所形成的法律运作体系的关系,如何确保后者不因新法的制定而被割裂、舍弃,都是需要认真讨论的问题。     

论我国侦讯取证的现状与制度完善

侦讯取证与人权保障是案侦活动的两个方面，但它们不是均衡发展的。维护人权观念的崇高，不能也不应掩盖打击犯罪在先的事实真相。侦讯活动与限制人身自由是同步的。考察我国的未决羁押与律师会见，如实供述与不自证其罪，相对的默示沉默权，辩护取证的显形化与规则化，律师在场权与全程同步录音录像，口供自愿性的证明能力，司法甄别、排除和认定口供的复杂性等问题。回答如何处理证据的法律真实和客观真实、形式真实和实质合理，取证打击犯罪与保护人权的关系。它们在侦讯取证制度的完善中，需有相应的配套举措。     

美国诱惑侦查制度及对我国的启示

美国社会执法实践中广泛存在诱惑侦查的使用，关于诱惑侦查的法律和制度规制经过长期演变和经验积累，形成了较为完整的诱惑侦查制度。本文通过对美国诱惑侦查制度的法律规定和具体实践的探究，以期为完善公安机关执法工作提供一些参考。我们应借鉴美国关于诱惑侦查方式运用的有益经验，加快有关诱惑侦查领域的立法进程，明确具体的法律规定。公安机关在执法实践中应正确认识诱惑侦查的合理性，慎用诱惑侦查手段，严格遵循程序执法，规范自身执法行为，积极改进执法方式。     

浅析拐卖人口案件侦查之买方市场的防控

拐卖人口现象屡禁不止,根本原因之一是买方市场的存在及发展.本研究基于对拐卖人口买方市场存在发展的背景条件以及当前形势和防控难点进行分析研究,指出买方市场组成结构的复杂性与单方面打击不协调等问题.针对当前背景下采取系统作战方式应对拐卖人口新特点的重要性,通过咨询专家、文献研究以及与主要案发地区一线民警深入沟通,给买方市场防控措施提出相关建议,以期望对拐卖人口案件侦查有一定借鉴意义.     

当前命案发案特点与侦控对策

自2004年公安部开始开展"命案必破"专项行动以来,全国各级公安机关不断结合自身实际,创新侦查工作方法,完善侦破机制,效果明显.深入总结十年来命案侦办工作经验,从案件发生、侦查过程、作案人员以及发案地域等因素对当前命案基本情况进行实证分析,同时归纳总结近年来各地先进经验,对于有效预防以及快速侦办命案具有较强的现实意义,对于提高整体侦查效能也有所助益.     

What are we gonna be when we grow up? SYRIZA's institutionalisation and its new “governing party” role

The aim of this paper is to analyse the organizational model of one of the most successful European radical left parties, the Greek Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA). Our goal is to analyse SYRIZA's organizational transition from the electoral arena to the government (2015). Our main finding is that SYRIZA started as a socially-oriented organization led by an oligarchic dominant coalition and converted itself into a political party, characterized by a prevailing role of the party in public office/party government. Both the institutional environment and the party organization's first configuration have had an impact on this change.     

族群战争的爆发：一个广义理论

基于两个分析性的创新：对社会事实秉持以机制为基础的理解路径和对动态交互影响的强调，作者提出了一个有关族群战争爆发的广义理论，并利用两种元机制——安全困境/螺旋模型和群体间–群体内互动——作为“元综合器”，将战争的影响因素与冲突行为的直接驱动力联系起来，对散布在现有文献中的众多因素和机制加以综合，形成了一个更具整合性且动态的族群战争理论。该理论不但整合了既有文献中已经识别的众多因素和机制，而且揭示了先前被隐藏或被忽视的因素、互动和机制，由此指明未来在这些方向的探究将是硕果累累。